XLL

XLL ADD-IN VECTORS

Compiled Library Execution via Excel

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Technical Overview

XLL files are essentially Windows DLLs (Dynamic Link Libraries) renamed to open with Excel. When a user double-clicks an XLL, Excel automatically loads it and executes the registered export functions (specifically `xlAutoOpen`). This provides a direct path to compiled code execution without the overhead of VBA or Macros.

Key Mechanisms

Compiled Code: Use C/C++ for high performance and access to low-level system APIs.
xlAutoOpen: The standard export function that runs immediately upon loading.
No "Enable Content": Often bypasses the standard yellow "Enable Content" bar seen in VBA documents (dependent on Trusted Locations).

Red Team Advantages

Credibility Add-ins are often seen as legitimate tools in financial and data analysis sectors.
Execution Speed Native code execution is faster and harder to statically analyze than script-based payloads.
Persistence Easier to install as a persistent add-in for long-term access.

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